Stress analysis

Loads cause deformations and thus stresses. Simplified, the stress is defined as the quotient between force and area. However, this simple relationship is only applicable to simple component geometries by the designer. Real components, on the other hand, usually have geometries that are too complex, and finite element analysis is required to reliably determine the multiaxial stress states (tensile/compressive and shear stresses).

Determining the stresses is usually just the beginning. This is because not only stresses above the material yield point are dangerous. Stresses significantly below the yield point can also be dangerous under changing or pulsating loads (fatigue fracture).

The accuracy of a stress analysis depends on several factors:

• Consideration of all relevant attached parts (relevant assembly).
• Realistic consideration of boundary conditions and loads (support points, forces and moments, pressures, temperature loads).
• Optimal FE mesh especially at notches (fillets).

The calculated stresses finally flow into an FKM verification. In the process, the static and dynamic safety against component failure is determined. Load collectives can be taken into account. In the absence of fatigue strength, the operational strength can be estimated.